| (a) |
Differentiate between elements, compounds, and mixtures (mechanical mixtures and solutions), with reference to the terms homogenous and heterogeneous. |
| (b) |
Classify pure substances as elements or compounds. |
| (c) |
Construct a graphic representation of one or more elements that symbolizes each element in a meaningful way and contains relevant information such as name, atomic number, possible uses, and historical background. |
| (d) |
Identify examples of common elements (e.g., first 18 elements and K, Ca, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, I, Ag, Sn, Au, W, Hg, Pb, and U), and compare their atomic structure and physical and chemical properties. |
| (e) |
Identify the eight elements that occur in nature as diatomic molecules (e.g., H₂, N₂, O₂, F₂, Cl₂, Br₂, I₂, and At₂). |
| (f) |
Identify and evaluate potential applications of understanding of the characteristics of elements (e.g., identify fertilizers as a possible application of elements, and evaluate the potential use of given elements when choosing a fertilizer). |
| (g) |
Write and interpret chemical symbols or formulae of common elements and compounds and identify the elements and number of atoms of each in a given compound (e.g., He, Na, C, H₂O, H₂O₂, CO, CO₂, CaCO₃, SO₂, FeO, NO₂, O₃, CH₄, C₃H₈, NH₃, NaHCO₃, KCl, HCl, H₂SO₄, ZnO, and NaCl). |
| (h) |
Construct Bohr model representations of the first 18 elements. |
| (i) |
Trace the historical development of the modern periodic table and compare alternative arrangements that convey information about the classification of elements. |
| (j) |
Apply the concept of systems as a tool by interpreting the organizational structure and patterns inherent within the periodic table, including periods, groups (families), atomic mass (mass number), atomic number, metals, non-metals, and metalloids. |
| (k) |
Predict the physical and chemical properties of an element or family of elements (e.g., alkali metals, alkaline-earth metals, hydrogen, halogens, noble gases, and transition metals) based on its position within the periodic table. |
| (l) |
Determine the number of protons and electrons in an atom given the atomic number of an element. |
| (m) |
Determine the number of electrons, protons, and neutrons of an isotope of an element given the atomic number and mass number of an element. |
| (n) |
Discuss the difference between the use of the terms “law” and “theory” in science with reference to the periodic law and the atomic theory of matter. |
The periodic table is available online at www.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/eng/education/elements/index.html. On the website, there are tabs for an element index, element arrangement and an element glossary.
