SO4.2
Draw conclusions about the characteristics and physical properties of sound, including pitch and loudness, based on observation.
Indicators for this outcome
(a)

Pose questions about the characteristics of sound (e.g., Why are some sounds louder than others? Why do sounds sound different? Why are some locations noisier than other locations?).

(b)

Recognize and demonstrate that sound energy originates from vibrating objects (e.g., larynx, tuning fork, radio speaker, and musical instruments).

(c)

Compare how sound vibrations travel differently through solids, liquids, and gases such as air.

(d)

Differentiate between the loudness of various sounds, as measured in decibels.

(e)

Compare the ability of different materials to absorb and reflect sounds of varying pitch and loudness.

(f)

Compare the ability of self and others to hear sounds of various pitch and loudness.

(g)

Compare the characteristics (e.g., construction and method of vibration) of string, woodwind, brass, and percussion instruments to determine how they make sound.

(h)

Rephrase questions about pitch and loudness into a testable form.

(i)

State and test a prediction about how the pitch and loudness of a sound can be altered.

(j)

Design and construct a device such as a musical instrument which has the ability to create sounds of variable pitch and/or loudness.

(k)

Suggest improvements to enhance the effectiveness of a device such as a musical instrument which has the ability to create sounds of variable pitch and/or loudness.

(l)

State generalizations about the physical characteristics of sound, including pitch and loudness, learned through observation.

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