Pose questions about the motion of natural and constructed objects in their environment (e.g., How do we know if something is moving? What are some different types of motion? Why is it difficult to walk on some surfaces?).

Describe examples of the motion of natural (e.g., birds flying, leaves falling, tree branches swaying, icicles melting, fish swimming, wind blowing, and creeks flowing) and constructed (e.g., vehicles moving, clock hands rotating, balls bouncing, playground swings, and tools operating) objects in their environment.

Describe the motion of an object in terms of a change in position relative to other objects (e.g., faster, slower, towards, away, closer, and further).

Examine a variety of toys, playground equipment, and other objects that move or which have components that move and ask questions that lead to exploration and investigation of the motion of objects.

Investigate, describe, and represent different patterns of movement (e.g., walking, running, swinging, bouncing, sliding, rotating, spinning, crawling, and rolling) of familiar objects, including themselves.

Relate the types of motion (e.g., crawling, walking, running, flying, swimming, slithering, galloping, crab walking, and rolling) to the physical characteristics of humans and familiar animals.

Demonstrate how pushes and pulls can cause an object to speed up, slow down, stop, or change direction.

Describe the movement of a specified object using appropriate vocabulary so that other students can duplicate the movement.

Carry out a procedure to investigate the effects of pushes and pulls on the motion of objects using various objects and surfaces (e.g., paper, carpet, sandpaper, desktop, tile floor, wooden board, ice, sidewalk, grass, soil, and sand).

Observe and record the effects of different textured surfaces on the friction between two objects or surfaces.

Provide examples of technologies (e.g., skate, snowshoe, bicycle, ski, kayak, curling slider, and wheelchair) that are designed to make it easier for people and constructed objects to move on different surfaces.

Generate new questions about the motion of objects that arise from what was learned (e.g., Do objects move the same way in space or in water or in another liquid? What causes motion?).